*Retrospective analysis of pooled data from the CHARM heart study program of 7,599 subjects with symptomatic HF (defined as NYHA functional class II to IV) who were followed for a median of 38 months to determine the relationship between resting HR at baseline, all-cause mortality, and fatal and nonfatal CV outcomes. These percentages are based on unadjusted hazard ratios.BPM = beats per minute; CV = cardiovascular; HF = heart failure; HR = heart rate; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA = New York Heart Association.1. Castagno D, Skali H, Takeuchi M, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59:1785-1795. 2. Lindenfeld J, Albert NM, Boehmer JP, et al.J Card Fail. 2010;16:475-539. 3. Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. Circulation. 2013;128:e240-e327.
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Heart rate may be an independent predictor of CV events, mortality,
and hospitalization due to worsening heart failure1 |
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| Other risk factors, such as diabetes and reduced LVEF, increase the risk of hospitalization and mortality in patients with heart failure.1 |
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| According to retrospective analyses, heart rates of ≥ 70 bpm were associated with: |
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| ≥19% |
| INCREASE |  |
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in the risk of all-cause mortality
in patients with left ventricular
dysfunction (LVEF ≤ 40%)1* |
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| ≥25% |
| INCREASE | |
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in the risk of the composite outcome of
CV death or hospital stay for worsening
HF in patients with left ventricular
dysfunction (LVEF ≤ 40%)1* |
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| Consider managing additional risk factors in patients with heart failure: |
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| • | Prevent weight gain and obesity3 |
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| • | Diagnose coronary artery disease3 |
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| References: |
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